:root {
    --color-ink: #172724;
    --color-ink-soft: #50605c;
    --color-ink-muted: #71807c;
    --color-paper: #f5f0e6;
    --color-surface: #fffdf8;
    --color-surface-soft: #ede7dc;
    --color-teal: #176c65;
    --color-teal-deep: #104e4a;
    --color-teal-wash: #e5f0ed;
    --color-copper: #a55e2f;
    --color-copper-deep: #7c411e;
    --color-copper-wash: #f2e2d4;
    --color-border: #dcd4c6;
    --color-danger: #a22f2f;
    --shadow-sm: 0 0.25rem 1.25rem rgba(23, 39, 36, 0.07);
    --shadow-md: 0 1rem 3rem rgba(23, 39, 36, 0.12);
    --radius-sm: 0.5rem;
    --radius-md: 0.9rem;
    --radius-lg: 1.4rem;
    --container: 74rem;
    --reading: 47rem;
    --font-body: "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Geeza Pro", "Traditional Arabic", serif;
    --font-heading: "Noto Kufi Arabic", "Geeza Pro", system-ui, sans-serif;
    --space-1: 0.35rem;
    --space-2: 0.65rem;
    --space-3: 1rem;
    --space-4: 1.5rem;
    --space-5: 2rem;
    --space-6: 3rem;
    --space-7: 4.5rem;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

[hidden] {
    display: none !important;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-padding-top: 7rem;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    min-width: 20rem;
    color: var(--color-ink);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 10% 0%, rgba(165, 94, 47, 0.08), transparent 28rem),
        var(--color-paper);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 1.12rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

body.nav-open {
    overflow: hidden;
}

img,
svg,
video {
    display: block;
    max-width: 100%;
}

iframe {
    max-width: 100%;
}

button,
input,
textarea,
select {
    font: inherit;
}

button,
summary,
a {
    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

a {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    text-decoration-thickness: 0.08em;
    text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--color-copper-deep);
}

:focus-visible {
    outline: 0.2rem solid var(--color-copper);
    outline-offset: 0.2rem;
}

::selection {
    color: var(--color-surface);
    background: var(--color-teal);
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
p {
    margin-block-start: 0;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    line-height: 1.45;
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.8rem);
}

h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 3vw, 2.2rem);
}

h3 {
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 1.35rem);
}

ul,
ol {
    padding-inline-start: 1.25rem;
}

.site-shell {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 100vh;
    flex-direction: column;
}

main {
    flex: 1;
}

.site-container {
    width: min(100% - 2rem, var(--container));
    margin-inline: auto;
}

.reading-container {
    width: min(100% - 2rem, var(--reading));
    margin-inline: auto;
}

.section {
    padding-block: var(--space-7);
}

.section--surface {
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border-block: 1px solid rgba(220, 212, 198, 0.7);
}

.section-heading-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: end;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-4);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.section-heading-row h2,
.section-heading-row p {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.section-intro {
    max-width: 38rem;
    color: var(--color-ink-soft);
}

.eyebrow {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
    color: var(--color-copper-deep);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.eyebrow::before {
    width: 2rem;
    height: 0.12rem;
    background: var(--color-copper);
    content: "";
}

.visually-hidden {
    position: absolute !important;
    width: 1px !important;
    height: 1px !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: -1px !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
    border: 0 !important;
}

.skip-link {
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 1000;
    inset-block-start: 0.75rem;
    inset-inline-start: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
    color: white;
    background: var(--color-teal-deep);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.skip-link:focus {
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Header and navigation */
.site-header {
    position: sticky;
    z-index: 100;
    inset-block-start: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(220, 212, 198, 0.88);
    background: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.94);
    box-shadow: 0 0.25rem 1.5rem rgba(23, 39, 36, 0.035);
    backdrop-filter: blur(1rem);
}

.header-inner {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 5.25rem;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-5);
}

.site-brand {
    display: inline-flex;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    align-items: center;
}

.site-brand img {
    width: clamp(10rem, 17vw, 13.25rem);
    height: auto;
}

.site-nav {
    display: flex;
    min-width: 0;
    flex: 1;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-4);
}

.nav-list {
    display: flex;
    min-width: 0;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.1rem;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-link {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 2.75rem;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.7rem;
    color: var(--color-ink);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.79rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link.is-active,
.nav-disclosure.is-active > .nav-link,
.nav-disclosure[open] > .nav-link {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: var(--color-teal-wash);
}

.nav-disclosure {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-disclosure summary {
    cursor: pointer;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-disclosure summary::-webkit-details-marker {
    display: none;
}

.nav-submenu {
    position: absolute;
    min-width: 13rem;
    inset-block-start: calc(100% + 0.65rem);
    inset-inline-start: 50%;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateX(50%);
}

.nav-submenu a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.65rem 0.8rem;
    color: var(--color-ink);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-submenu a:hover {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: var(--color-teal-wash);
}

.nav-social {
    display: flex;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.3rem;
}

.nav-social a {
    display: grid;
    width: 2.5rem;
    height: 2.5rem;
    place-items: center;
    background: var(--color-surface-soft);
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: transform 160ms ease, background-color 160ms ease;
}

.nav-social a:hover {
    background: var(--color-copper-wash);
    transform: translateY(-0.12rem);
}

.nav-social img {
    width: 1.1rem;
    height: 1.1rem;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.nav-toggle {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 100;
    display: none;
    width: 2.85rem;
    height: 2.85rem;
    padding: 0;
    margin-inline-start: auto;
    color: var(--color-ink);
    background: var(--color-surface-soft);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-toggle-lines {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.28rem;
}

.nav-toggle-lines span {
    display: block;
    width: 1.25rem;
    height: 0.12rem;
    margin-inline: auto;
    background: currentColor;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    transition: transform 180ms ease, opacity 180ms ease;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-lines span:first-child {
    transform: translateY(0.4rem) rotate(45deg);
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-lines span:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-lines span:last-child {
    transform: translateY(-0.4rem) rotate(-45deg);
}

.nav-backdrop {
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 80;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(9, 22, 20, 0.48);
}

/* Page headings and shared editorial components */
.page-hero {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding-block: clamp(3.5rem, 8vw, 6.5rem);
    color: var(--color-surface);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 15% 20%, rgba(165, 94, 47, 0.35), transparent 26rem),
        linear-gradient(135deg, #183f3b, #102f2c 72%);
}

.page-hero::after {
    position: absolute;
    width: 18rem;
    height: 18rem;
    inset-block-end: -11rem;
    inset-inline-start: 8%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
    border-radius: 50%;
    content: "";
}

.page-hero .eyebrow {
    color: #f0c3a1;
}

.page-hero h1 {
    max-width: 48rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.page-hero p {
    max-width: 43rem;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.82);
    font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.3rem);
}

.card-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: var(--space-4);
}

.editorial-card {
    display: flex;
    min-width: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: border-color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.editorial-card:hover {
    border-color: rgba(23, 108, 101, 0.45);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-0.2rem);
}

.card-media {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    background:
        linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(23, 108, 101, 0.16), rgba(165, 94, 47, 0.16)),
        var(--color-surface-soft);
}

.card-media img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 350ms ease;
}

.editorial-card:hover .card-media img {
    transform: scale(1.025);
}

.card-media-placeholder {
    display: grid;
    height: 100%;
    place-items: center;
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.card-body {
    display: flex;
    min-width: 0;
    flex: 1;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    padding: 1.35rem;
}

.card-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
    color: var(--color-ink-muted);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
}

.content-label {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 1.7rem;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.15rem 0.55rem;
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: var(--color-teal-wash);
    border-radius: 100vmax;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.content-label--copper {
    color: var(--color-copper-deep);
    background: var(--color-copper-wash);
}

.card-title {
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.card-title a {
    color: var(--color-ink);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.card-title a::after {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    content: "";
}

.editorial-card {
    position: relative;
}

.card-excerpt {
    display: -webkit-box;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--color-ink-soft);
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
}

.card-action {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-top: var(--space-3);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.card-action::after {
    content: "←";
}

.empty-state {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    padding: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 4rem);
    text-align: center;
    background: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.7);
    border: 1px dashed var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}

.empty-state h2,
.empty-state h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.empty-state p {
    max-width: 34rem;
    margin: 0 auto;
    color: var(--color-ink-soft);
}

.button-row {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.button {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 2.9rem;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.1rem;
    color: white;
    background: var(--color-teal);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-teal);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.4;
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease, transform 160ms ease;
}

.button:hover {
    color: white;
    background: var(--color-teal-deep);
    border-color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    transform: translateY(-0.1rem);
}

.button--secondary {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: transparent;
    border-color: rgba(23, 108, 101, 0.45);
}

.button--secondary:hover {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: var(--color-teal-wash);
    border-color: var(--color-teal);
}

.button--light {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border-color: var(--color-surface);
}

.button--light:hover {
    color: var(--color-teal-deep);
    background: #f0e9dd;
    border-color: #f0e9dd;
}

.prose {
    color: var(--color-ink);
    font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 2vw, 1.25rem);
    line-height: 2;
}

.prose > * + * {
    margin-block-start: 1.15em;
}

.prose h2 {
    margin-block-start: 2.2em;
    margin-block-end: 0.7em;
}

.prose li + li {
    margin-block-start: 0.45rem;
}

.prose a {
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.article-header {
    padding-block: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem) var(--space-5);
}

.article-header h1 {
    max-width: 55rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem 1rem;
    color: var(--color-ink-muted);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
}

.article-cover {
    overflow: hidden;
    width: min(100% - 2rem, 60rem);
    max-height: 36rem;
    margin: 0 auto var(--space-6);
    background: var(--color-surface-soft);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.article-cover img {
    width: 100%;
    max-height: 36rem;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.article-body {
    padding-bottom: var(--space-7);
}

.article-footer {
    padding-top: var(--space-5);
    margin-top: var(--space-6);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.pagination {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    margin-top: var(--space-6);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.pagination-pages,
.pagination-numbers,
.pagination-jump {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.pagination-pages,
.pagination-numbers {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.pagination a,
.pagination-number,
.pagination-ellipsis {
    display: inline-flex;
    min-height: 2.75rem;
    min-width: 2.75rem;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem;
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.pagination a:hover {
    background: var(--color-teal-wash);
    border-color: var(--color-teal);
}

.pagination-number.is-current {
    color: var(--color-surface);
    background: var(--color-ink);
    border-color: var(--color-ink);
}

.pagination-ellipsis {
    min-width: auto;
    padding-inline: 0.25rem;
    background: transparent;
    border-color: transparent;
}

.pagination-jump {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    color: var(--color-muted);
}

.pagination-jump input {
    width: 5rem;
    min-height: 2.75rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.65rem;
    color: var(--color-ink);
    text-align: center;
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-ink-muted);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

.pagination-jump button {
    min-height: 2.75rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem;
    color: var(--color-surface);
    font: inherit;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: var(--color-teal-deep);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-teal-deep);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

.pagination-jump button:hover {
    background: var(--color-ink);
    border-color: var(--color-ink);
}

.pagination-total {
    color: var(--color-muted);
}

/* Footer */
.site-footer {
    color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.78);
    background: #122d2a;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-6);
    padding-block: var(--space-6);
}

.footer-about {
    max-width: 32rem;
}

.footer-brand {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-brand:hover,
.site-footer a:hover {
    color: #f0c3a1;
}

.footer-heading {
    margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
}

.footer-links {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-links li + li {
    margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

.footer-links a {
    color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.78);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-bottom {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--space-3);
    padding-block: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-bottom a {
    color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.78);
}

@media (max-width: 72rem) {
    .nav-social {
        display: none;
    }

    .site-brand img {
        width: 10rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 63.99rem) {
    html {
        scroll-padding-top: 5.5rem;
    }

    .header-inner {
        min-height: 4.75rem;
    }

    .site-brand img {
        width: 10.75rem;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        display: grid;
        place-items: center;
    }

    .site-nav {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        padding-block: 0.75rem 1rem;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    }

    .js .site-nav {
        position: fixed;
        z-index: 90;
        width: min(22rem, calc(100vw - 2rem));
        height: 100dvh;
        inset-block-start: 0;
        inset-inline-end: 0;
        overflow-y: auto;
        padding: 5rem 1rem 1.5rem;
        background: var(--color-surface);
        border: 0;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
        visibility: hidden;
        transform: translateX(105%);
        transition: transform 220ms ease, visibility 220ms;
    }

    .js .site-nav.is-open {
        visibility: visible;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }

    .nav-list {
        display: grid;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0.2rem;
    }

    .nav-link {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        min-height: 3rem;
        padding-inline: 0.85rem;
    }

    .nav-submenu {
        position: static;
        min-width: 0;
        padding: 0.25rem 1rem 0.65rem 0.25rem;
        background: transparent;
        border: 0;
        box-shadow: none;
        transform: none;
    }

    .nav-submenu a {
        border-inline-start: 2px solid var(--color-border);
        border-radius: 0;
    }

    .nav-social {
        display: flex;
        padding: 1.25rem 0.85rem 0;
        margin-top: 1rem;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    }

    .card-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr;
    }

    .footer-about {
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 42rem) {
    :root {
        --space-6: 2.25rem;
        --space-7: 3.25rem;
    }

    body {
        font-size: 1.05rem;
    }

    .site-container,
    .reading-container {
        width: min(100% - 1.25rem, var(--container));
    }

    .section-heading-row {
        align-items: flex-start;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .card-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .card-body {
        padding: 1.1rem;
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        gap: var(--space-5) var(--space-4);
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        align-items: flex-start;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .pagination {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *,
    *::before,
    *::after {
        scroll-behavior: auto !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    }
}